Bronco Models
M22 Locust (T9E1) Airborne Tank (British Version)
Bronco Models 1:35 Scale Kit No. CB35161
Review by Terry Ashley
Bronco Models
Introduction:
The T9 was designed by US firm Marmon-Harrington to a British specification for a light air portable tank to be used by the Airborne Divisions in NW Europe, after initial testing weight had to be reduced and along with other changes became the T9E1. This was designated the M22 with the British giving it the name Locust and it weighed in at 7.5 tons, was armed with a 37mm M3 gun and co-axial M1914 cal.30 MG in a small two man turret mounted on a welded hull. A total of 830 were built between late 1943 and early 1945 with 260 shipped to Britain, these being assigned to the 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment who used the Locust in its only combat deployment during Operation Varsity in March 1945. Of the eight Locusts deployed, only two were serviceable after the glider landings and due to the overall poor performance was declared obsolete by the end of the War. 

The kit:
The kit as it comes is basically the US M22 Locust with the addition of the turret mounted smoke generators and the British style towing lugs on the front and rear hull to represent the British version of the Locust. The main differences between the US and British vehicles being the removal of the large headlight bush guards, the additional of two smoke generators, one on each side of the turret and redesigned larger towing shackles front and rear of the hull as mentioned as well as some smaller details. As the kit has the basic US features some minor modifications are required to the hull to properly represent the British version, more on this below.

The British style lugs are included on the additional small sprue G in the kit. This is not shown on the parts layout or in the instructions but has the larger 2 hole British style front and rear towing lugs that should be used instead of the smaller US style shown in the instructions. Bronco only became aware of the different towing lugs too late for the instructions (or box art) to be updated in the initial kit production run, but subsequent runs will be updated accordingly. Update; Bronco has supplied a small instruction addendum showing the modified towing lug assembly. (see attached images)

Another notable inclusion is the Littlejohn Adaptor moulded on the barrel tube (part F1), this was a devise screwed to the end of the British QF 2pdr gun designed to use the ‘squeeze bore’ effect to increase the performance of the 2pdr APDS round to that of the QF 6pdr gun. The Littlejohn Adaptor was tested with the 37mm M3 gun although not very successfully and there is a no real evidence it was used operationally on the M22. Available photos of the Locusts used during Operation Varsity clearly show the standard 37mm M3 barrel without the Littlejohn Adaptor and thankfully Bronco include the standard barrel in the kit (part A43) and this barrel should be used if building an operational vehicle. I have been unable to find any photos of the British M22 fitted with the Littlejohn Adaptor so using the standard barrel is clearly the preferred option unless building training or “what if” type models?

The kit consists of:

Etched and clear parts
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I don’t have any reliable plans for the M22 Locust at this time, the only ones I have are from the George Bradford series of WWII AFV Plans, but I have identified so many errors in that series of plans I wouldn’t regard them as reliable, more as a guide to the dimensions and layouts of the vehicles featured. That said the kit parts such as the drive sprockets, idlers, road wheels and suspension parts match the plans but there are few small discrepancies with the hull and turret dimensions, most notably the barrel tube length being slightly too long. Given my experiences with these plans I’m not going the get excited over the hull dimensions as they are only small in any case but the barrel issue is confirmed by other vehicle plans fitted with the 37mm M3 gun (e.g. M3, M8 etc.).
 
The quality of the moulding is very good with very little if any flash, no disenabled pins marks that would be visible after assembly. There are numerous very small parts that will need careful removal from the sprues and during clean-up of the fine moulding seams as well as the extensive use of slide moulds to achieve excellent detail on parts such as the one piece idler wheels. Surface detail is very well done with subtle weld lines on the hull along with fine raised detail for an excellent appearance, the fine mould lines are along the edges of the hull and other parts but will still need light sanding to smooth out.

Note, I have varied the assembly in some sections and made other modifications (e.g. the drive sprockets, fenders) but none of these are actually needed to assembly the kit which can be done perfectly as per the instructions, I have simply made these alterations to make things easier for myself during the review process. You may of course use these during constructions if you wish as you see fit.

Lower Hull:
This is a conventional tub with the sides, front and real plates included in the one moulding, this allows the curves of the front and rear underside to be included nicely, there are some fine mould lines to be removed but overall the hull is very cleanly done. The sides have the suspension mounting plates and return roller mountings included while the rear plate has the exhaust mountings and engine inspection plate included along with the two small shackle mountings plates, the curved front hull also includes the tow shackle mountings but this is where the modifications are required for adding the British style tow shackles.

Before fitting the British style tow lugs you have to shave or sand off the US style lug mounting brackets as these are not used with the British lugs, once these have been removed the British style lugs can be added. Basically you use parts G2/G3 in place of B19/B21 and G1/G4 in place of B20/B21 and to finish four small hex bolt heads have to be added to the front shackles, these were just used to fill the screw holes for the US lugs as the British lugs are welded to the hull. Note; Bronco will be including a small instruction addendum showing the modified towing lug assembly. (see attached images).

The hull has a very basic interior with the front transmission, driver’s seat and drive levers and a coupler of other smaller items, there is also a large etched cage for the left side and the rear engine bulkhead but unless you plan to show the driver’s hatch open you can skip the interior to save a little assembly time. On the left hull side is a locating hole for the inner seat and on the right side two locating holes for the inside parts, these holes will need to be filled and sanded so they are not visible from the outside.

The rear plate has the moulded on engine inspection plate and the exhaust pipe mountings along with the towing lugs as mentioned above. On British Locusts there should also be a large towing pintle mounted centrally overlapping the central exhaust mounting and the engine inspection plate. This has a mounting plate for the towing pintle and this will have to be added for an accurate British Locust, (See Reference images). It should be noted that the towing pintle is of US design and not the usual British tow hook, therefore if "borrowing" a tow hook from another kit make sure it is the US type and not the British type such as those on Universal Carriers or British Shermans.

The suspension is especially well detailed and a standout feature of the kit with some exceptional moulding on the drive sprockets and the one piece idler wheels which really do push the envelope in terms of injection moulding technology, this intricate moulding is very cleanly done with just some fine mould lines to be removed, but other than that is ready to and are superb renditions of the intricate Locust idlers. The two idler arms and spring unit fit together easily allowing the idler to rotate and the large idler mounting cover is another intricate moulding that fits neatly into place to the hull sides.

The drive sprockets are in two halves, the inner and outer sprocket discs and again the cut-outs in the sprockets and hub are very cleanly done no clean-up other than the usual sprue attachments and fine mould lines to be smoothed out. The two sprocket halves fit neatly together but take note as there are three small locating pins that are not evenly spaced and you must make sure you line up these pins correctly for the best fit. There is a small pin (part B30) used to attach the drive sprocket to the final drive housing that allows the sprocket to rotate, but given the small size of the pin and the difficulty of getting to the pin to add glue without getting in on the sprocket makes this an almost impossible job. The sprockets needs to remain unglued at this stage as they need to be movable to line up the track sprocket holes when the track is fitted, you can then just glue the sprockets to the final drives as you align the track later would be the easiest option.

I found the fit of the drive sprockets to the final drives not that snug and I decided on some minor modifications to the sprockets to make the job of fitting easier, again as noted above this isn’t necessary to assemble the kit, just and optional step.
I first added a 1.6mm plastic rod pin to the inner drive sprocket after first slightly enlarging the hole on the inside of the sprocket (part B9) taking care not to drill all the way through the sprocket hub. I then enlarged the hole in the final drives to 1.6mm drilling all the way through the inside final drive housings (parts D10, D11) ensuring the holes are drilled perfectly level and square. When the pin in the sprocket disc is completely dry this is simply inserted into the final drives with the end of the pin extended inside the hull. It will sit perfectly well unglued with the tracks holding it in place or you could heat melt the end of the pin to firmly fix the sprocket for a solid fit that won’t go anywhere andyou fit the track while allowing the sprocket to rotate to align with the track tooth holes.

Each bogie is a very delicate and well detailed assembly made up of 14 parts each but assembly can be a little tricky fitting so may small parts together at the one time as per the instructions and assembling the bogies in steps is an easier option. The fit of the bogie parts is very good without any trimming and result in a very detailed and impressive bogie unit that fits snugly to the hull side mountings.

  1. Glue small brackets (parts C6) to bogie arms.
  2. Assemble parts B5, B14 and let dry. .
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  3. Assemble parts B11, B16, B17, B18 and let dry.
  4. Glue the front bogie arm (part B6) to the sub-assembly 3.
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    5. Finally fit the wheels and rear bogie arms (part B5) to sub-assembly to complete the bogie, repeat for all four bogies.
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With the bogie units attached to the hull sides the connecting rods can easily be fitted into place along with the return rollers. These have very small pins designed to allow the rollers to rotate but you can save time and just glue the rollers together and glue to the hull mountings as there is no advantage in having these movable at all.

The tracks are supplied as link and length with very well done link details with no flash at all, there is the top run with the subtle sagging as seen on Locust track, the lower ground run, the short section between the drive sprocket and lower run and individual links for around the drive sprocket (7 links) and the rear idler (13 links). Assembly is very straightforward but as mentioned above the drive sprocket has to be left unglued so it will line up with the track teeth holes as the track position is governed by the position of the sag profile over the return rollers and the sprockets have to align with this, not the other way around.

There were a couple of minor alterations needed to properly fit the track, firstly the first link on the top track run (part C5) had to be bend downward slightly using flat nosed tweezers to mate with the links around the drive sprocket. Similarly the last link on the short front tract section (part C4) also had to be bent slightly to better sit around the first road wheel on the suspension. Lastly I had to trim about half a link for the rear end of the ground run (part C3) to fit properly between the front and rear sections of track.

Once the tracks have been fitted the one piece fenders can be added to the hull sides as per the instructions, these hide the top track run in any case and there are the pioneer tools added to the left rear section, the tools have moulded on brackets along with some etched fender brackets.

Note; I have altered the assembly of the fenders and actually attached these to the hull top instead of the lower hull as per instructions to make things easier during assembly as this allowed the other parts to be added such as the Hamilcar attachments prior to fitting to the lower hull. For this modification the outer overhang sections of the engine firewall (part D23) need to be removed to allow the hull/fender sub-assembly to fit to the lower hull. Again I stress this altered assembly isn’t required to assembly the kit as per instructions; I found this method easier to ensure a perfect fit between the fenders and hull top as well as making it easy to fit this modified sub-assembly to the lower hull.

Upper Hull:
This is a single part with separate engine deck inspection hatches and separate driver’s hatch at the front. The surface detail on the hull is very subtle and well done with fine weld lines, recessed panel details and excellent raised and engraved rivet and screw details. The turret ring has the outer rings included as well the inner rotation teeth although these can’t be seen after assembly and added inside the hull are the driver’s instrument panel, hatch arm and travers motor but again these can’t be seen after assembly.

One nice feature on the rear deck is the very fine intake louvers that are moulded open; they may need to be blanked off from the inside to prevent the see though look as there is nothing inside the hull. Also provided is an etched mesh for the louvers but period photos don’t show this mesh and it may be a museum addition to keep debris out of the intake and it’s probably best not to fit the etched mesh for a more accurate representation. While the louvers and very cleanly done there is a small issue for those inclined, the actual Locust deck has 12 louvers but the kit only has 11, but as they are so fine I doubt anyone would notice and I only mention this as a point of fact.

There a couple of additional modifications needed to properly represent the British Locust and these are the front mounted siren (part A37) was not fitted to British vehicles but only to US vehicles. You simply need to trim off the siren mounting from the glacis as well as the small locating ridges for the etched head light guards provided. As mentioned these guards were not used on the British Locust but are present on Museum examples as they are simply US vehicles painted in British 6AARR markings. Also there should be two lifting handles on the glacis inspection hatch which can be added from thin wire. The headlights have separate clear ‘glass’ and are added to the glacis mountings without problems but it should be noted that the British Locusts had a blackout light on the left and the clear light on the right side. I have “borrowed” the blackout light from Bronco’s Jeep kit to use here. (See Reference images).
Also the British Locusts didn't have the four lifting brackets fitted to the hull sides, you need to trim off the brackets detail for the rear hull sides and from parts A24, then drill two small bolt holes and add two small bolt heads to the bracket mounting plates which remain on the hull, photos show a small first aid box added on the left rear bracket mounting plate but not to the right side bracket.

The driver’s hatch is nicely done with good contours and fine casting numbers, the top periscope mounting ring is separate as is the clear plastic periscope and also a separate small plug with inner etched chain for a good appearance. The hatch can be positioned open or closed but you don’t get the weather screen cover used when driving with the hatch open for long periods.

The fit of the lower and top hull is spot on without any trimming needed and once together the rear mounted exhaust pipe assembly can be added, this comes with a few etched pipe clips and etched heat guard with the correct diamond pattern mesh. This is easily curved to the right shape and fitted over the exhaust on the fender without any real problems. Fitting these small etched clips can be a little fiddley and care will be needed to get them positioned correctly but provide a nice appearance when fitted.

Turret:
The turret has the upper shell and lower turret ring with the two hatches separate and these are clear of any pin larks on the insides for a good appearance if shown open? There is a substantial square mould line around the moulded on gun mounting plate that will require care when removing to not damage the flush screw detail on the gun mounting plate. The hatch and two roof periscopes are separate clear parts with separate periscope cover and mounting ring and you can fit the periscopes raised, or glue the cover flat without the periscopes as you wish? The gun mantlet is very well done with small casting data on the left side and the contours match available photos very well, there is also fine casting data on the turret roof for a nice appearance.

The grab handles on the hatches are separate parts as are the three small lifting rings added to the front, top and right turret side (parts A44), the right side ring has no locating marks on the turret wall so you have to position this yourself as the instructions don’t actually show you where it should go, using the painting guide illustrations as a guide will show where this part should fit.

Added to the sides are two smoke generators nicely moulded with hollow tubes and these fit to the mounting brackets and then to the turret sides as indicated without any problems. The smoke generators have two part etched handles that are very difficult to fit, 1; they have multiple engraved bend lines that don’t really match how they are supposed to look and the instructions only showing how they should look, not which bend lines to uses as it appears one is not a bend line but a locating mark for the smaller etched part . 2; the smaller of the two parts are very difficult to handle being so small especially when filing the attachment bur and extreme care is needed.

There is the full M3 gun assembly with separate breech and guard with the barrel tube separate and these parts assembly easily without any problems apart from yet again another minuscule etched part (P33) added to the rear guard. This has no bend lines and you have to ‘judge’ where to bend taking into account one side should be slightly longer than the other to sit properly on the guard. Unless you are specifically going to expose the interior, save some time and forget this etched part. As mentioned above you are provided with alternate barrel tubes, one with the Littlejohn Adaptor and one ‘normal’ barrel but all available period photos show the standard barrel is the better option for the markings provided with the kit, but do not glue the barrel tube onto the gun at this stage. Also note the ‘normal’ barrel outer tube is 1.5mm too long and you could either cut off the barrel at the collar, trim the 1.5mm (taking into account the cut) and reglue to the correct length or replace the barrel with any of the available aftermarket M3 37mm barrel tubes. Some minor modifications would be needed to fit the aftermarket barrel as none are designed for this kit obviously.

There is also a full M1914A4 cal.30 co-axial MG that is nicely done in plastic with indentations for the cooling jacket holes and the muzzle slightly recessed, drilling this out further would improve the appearance if you choose not to replace the barrel with any of the available metal barrels.

Assembly of the inner gun mounting required a little care if you want this movable after assembly, firstly glue the bracket parts (A21, A23 and A21, A22) together while separate from the inner gun mounting (part A50). Once these small brackets have dried glue the left side bracket (parts A21, A23) to the locating recess on the inside of the turret face and let dry completely making sure it is seated snugly in the recess. Once this sub-assembly is dry slip the inner gun mount (part A50) into place and glue the right side bracket (parts A21, A22) into the turret recess making sure not to get any glue on the gun mounting and leave this assembly to dry completely before proceeding.

Next slip the assembled gun though the inner mounting till it extends as far forward as possible, then glue the outer gun mantlet to the pin on the underside of the gun assembly and making sure it is aligned squarely leave to again dry completely. When dry move the mantlet back until sitting flush with the turret front gun mounting and apply a little tube glue (not liquid cement) to the inner gun mounting join, take care with the glue and this is why it’s best to use tube cement to avoid the capillary action of liquid cement. Once this is completely dry the co-axial cal.30 MG can be fitted to complete the gun mounting assembly which can be elevated as required, the desired barrel tube can be easily fitted in place through the front of the mantlet without any problems provided the gun mounting parts were all aligned correctly during assembly.

The turret basket is also provided with the floor ring with separate seats and the three support arms, there is also fine etched mesh for around the lower basket ring which fits easily into place. The support arms also fit easily just note the different part numbers for each arm with these gluing to the lower turret ring without any problems other than being a little fiddly to get the arms and floor aligned correctly with the turret ring. The turret ring is a nice snug fit to the underside of the turret shell with just the fine rear bustle join line evident. This is an actual join line on the real turret castings and show on some turrets as a partial fine line or small weld depending on the finish of the turret, so just a light sanding of the turret join could be the appropriate treatment.

The assembled turret fits neatly into the hull top turret ring but does not clip into place and remains loose, so take care as this will come adrift if lifting the model after assembly. The turret obviously is free to traverse as required and can easily be removed for painting etc. due to the lack of attachment lugs or clips.

Decals:
The decal sheet gives markings for three specific Locusts of the 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment during Operation Varsity in March 1945. Included is the Arm of Service square although the lower blue section is far too light and should be much darker than depicted on the decal, there is also the airborne “Bellerophon” in plain white as well as with the maroon background square plus the Squadron tactical sign on the turret with a white outlined black square with the number 1 in white. There is also the 7 bridge weight badge and two allied stars plus a selection of serial numbers that allow you to make any vehicle other than those depicted.

As mentioned previously, all period photos of 6AARR Locusts during Operation Varsity use the standard 37mm barrel without the Littlejohn Adaptor so this barrel is the best option to use on your model.
Option 1: British 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment, October, 1944
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Option 2: British 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment, October, 1944
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Option 3: British 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment, October, 1944
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Instructions:
Given this is a fairly small vehicle and there are not a of parts the usual exploded view diagrams are clear and easy to follow in the main, there are a few small areas needed a little care, mostly with some of the etched parts. I didn’t come across any ‘bloopers’ with the instructions again probably due to the smaller number of parts, the only issue is with the late inclusion of the G sprue with the British tow lugs, there should be a small addendum sheet included in the kits for those but if not they should be fairly well circulated around the various model sites.

Conclusion:
The M22 Locust is a small vehicle but with extremely pleasing looks and this kit does the Locust proud with very cleanly moulded parts that have excellent details, most notably the intricate idler wheels moulded as a single part, they are quite impressive. This is coupled with excellent fit overall for a fairly straightforward assembly as far as some kits go today but there are a few areas where care is needed.

The basic kit as mentioned is of the US M22 with the additional of the British style tow lugs and turret mounted smoke dischargers, but you could quite easily build a US vehicle from the kit as the necessary parts are all there.
There is a bit of work needed to incorporate the British parts and some alterations required around the kit to build an accurate British Locust, but nothing too difficult or time consuming. As the kit is labelled British Version one could have expected a few more of the British details to be included or identified but as mentioned the alterations required should not be beyond the average modeller?

Overall this is an excellent kit with high levels of detail and moulding quality as well as good fit of the parts in most areas and will be very welcomed to add to the growing list of Allied vehicles released recently.

Rating 8/10

See a Summary of British modifications needed for the kit to represent a Locust used in Operation Varsity:

Build Detail Images
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The Sprues:

Kit Sprues
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Sprue detail images
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Instructions
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Addendum
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References:

6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment (Note; while this is the 6AARR page, many of the Locust photos are of US vehicles and not British therefore lack the modifications as outlined above.)
War History online - 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment by Peter Brown.

Allied-Axis #26
Photo Journal of Second World War

Ampersand Publishing
book
 
Thanks to Blast Models and Bronco Models for the review kits.


Page created February 20, 2013



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